So I've tracked the problem down. I can still use the VoCore, powering it with a 3.7v cell phone battery, but whenever I try to power it using the 3.5-6.0v pins, the following circuit jumps to about 200 degrees immediately. You can even see a brown burn mark. If I replace this, maybe I will have full use of the unit again.. what is this circuit and how do I get one? I think it says "AS11Dh" or "AS110h"
Is it a voltage regulator? I found these, but not sure if they would fit.
It is a MT3410L according to schematics, layout and BOM. It seams that it is a part which will not be sold on the regular places apart from aliexpress.
I took a quick look at digikey to see if there was a suitable replacement. There are some that are close but not quite there (by specifications). I hate it when people use parts that are unobtainium